140CFI00800 集成架
系统结构
实现软起动也是可以用开环系统来实现的,但是它使环境的到抑制扰动的影响比如温度等湿度等环境因素,:用闭环负反馈 控制系统来实现软起动更为稳定如图9所示,使起动电流作为反馈施加给软启的动控制环节,这一环节通过的可以计算的 规律来控制晶闸管触发角的改变,调节作电机定子的作用电压,:当电流反馈值超过电流限定值时,触发角不变直至电流降下降才 会变小,而输出电压随之上升至全压。
(2)模型构建
由于本模型较复杂,为了实现系统的模块化管理,对构成反并联晶闸管电路、触发电路、软起动控制环节的多个标准基本模块 分别采用Simulink的封装技术,将它们集成在一起,形成新的功能模块,构建如图10软起动仿真模型。
分析仿真结果,可知:起始电压设定的越低,转速上升就越快,起动时间就越短。上升速率设定的越大,转速上升的越快,起动 过程就越短。
三相异步电机是靠同时接入三相交流电源(相位差120度)供电的一类电动机。由于三相异步电机的转子与定子旋转磁场以相同的方向、不同的转速成旋转,存在转差率,所以叫三相异步电机。按照转子结构形式可分为:鼠笼式和绕线式两类。鼠笼式比绕线式异步电动机的价格便宜,结构简单、维护方便,在一般性的生产机械中应用为广泛。
启动电流带来的影响:启动电流过大使电压损失过大,启动转矩不够使电动机根本无法启动;使电动机绕组发热,绝缘老化,从而缩短了电动机的使用寿命;造成过流保护装置误动作、跳闸;使电网电压产生波动,进而形成影响连接在电网上的其他设备的正常运行。电动机启动时,在保证大小的启动转矩的前提下,还要求限制启动电流在允许的范围内。
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