产品介绍:
PC/ABS,聚碳酸酯和丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物和混合物,是由聚碳酸酯(Polycarbonate)和丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)合并而成的热可塑性塑胶,结合了两种材料的优异特性,ABS材料的成型性和PC的机械性、冲击强度和耐温、抗紫外线(UV)等性质,颜色是无透明颗粒,可广泛使用在汽车内部零件、商务机器、通信器材、家电用品及照明设备上。
工艺条件
干燥处理:加工前的干燥处理是必须的。湿度应小于0.04%,建议干燥条件为90~110C,2~4小时。
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注射速度:尽可能地高。
化学和物理特性: PC/ABS具有PC和ABS两者的综合特性。例如ABS的易加工特性和PC的优良机械特性和热稳定性。二者的比率将影响PC/ABS材料的热稳定性。PC/ABS这种混合材料还显示了优异的流动特性。收缩率在0.5%左右。
PC/ABS是一种通过混炼后合成的改性工程塑料。其中,PC就是聚碳酸脂,ABS就是丙烯腈(A)、丁二烯(B)和苯乙 烯(S)的共聚物。这种改性塑料比单纯的PC和ABS性能更好,例如:抗冲击性提高,耐热性提高,硬度提高等等。ABS塑料
特点:
1、综合性能较好,冲击强度较高,化学稳定性,电性能良好.
2、与372有机玻璃的熔接性良好,制成双色塑件,且可表面镀铬,喷漆处理.
3、有高抗冲、高耐热、阻燃、增强、透明等级别。
4、流动性比HIPS差一点,比PMMA、PC等好,柔韧性好。
5、机械性能的卓越平衡
6、低温时也具备高冲击强度
7、室内紫外线稳定性
8、较高的热变形温度(80~125℃)
9、耐燃性(UL945VB)
10、色彩范围广泛
11、 易于注塑和挤塑,吹塑加工
12、良好的电镀性
13、一般密度在1.05-1.20间
鉴别方法
1.新方法:用乙酸乙酯擦,ABS不起丝,HIPS会起丝,但只是指纯的。
2.常用方法:ABS,PS的识别方法有很多种,就ABS而言,表面亮度好,韧性优于PS,火烧后表面会有密密麻麻的小孔,气味有淡淡的甜味;PS又分GPPS,HIPS,EPS三种,较脆,透明的产品较多,HIPS的亮度一般,韧性比ABS要逊色一点,火烧后表面光亮,有苯乙烯的味道。HIPS的截断面发白,但GPPS没有,EPS主要用于泡沫。
电视机壳料而言,有ABS,HIPS之分,一般要根据表面特征,物理特征来区分,表面的亮度好的一般是ABS,用钳子掰时ABS要优于HIPS ,其硬度较高,需要力度大一些,然后根据火焰与味道来区分。
合成方法
ABS树脂的生产方法很多,目前世界上工业装置上应用较多的是乳液接技掺合法和连续本体法。
1.乳液接枝掺合工艺:
乳液接枝掺合法是在ABS树脂的传统方法--乳液接枝法的基础上发展起来的,根据SAN共聚工艺不同又可分为乳液接枝乳液SAN掺合、乳液接枝悬浮SAN掺合、乳液接枝本体SAN掺合三种,其中后两者在目前工业装置上应用较多。这三种乳液接枝掺合工艺都包括下面几个中间步骤:丁二烯乳胶的制备、接枝聚合物的合成,SAN共聚物的合成,掺混和后处理。
⑴丁二烯胶乳的合成:丁二烯胶乳的合成是ABS生产过程中的一个主要单元,一般采用乳液聚合工艺生产。此生产技术目前比较成熟,控制胶乳中总的固含量(一般总的固含量越高生产成本越低),控制橡胶粒子的大小,在0.05-0.6μm,**在0.1-0.4μm范围内,粒径呈双峰分布,这样可使ABS树脂产品具有优异的表面性能和韧性。
⑵接枝聚合物的合成:聚丁二烯与苯乙烯、丙烯腈接枝是ABS生产工艺中的核心单元。粒径呈双峰分布的聚丁二烯胶乳连续送入乳液接枝反应器与苯乙烯和丙烯腈单体混合物进行接枝共聚反应。单体与聚丁二烯之比提高则接枝聚合物和SAN共聚物的分子量及接枝度增加,内部接枝率一般随橡胶粒径的增加和橡胶交联密度的降低而增加。在粒径和橡胶交联密度恒定时接枝度和接枝密度是决定ABS产品性能的因素。
(3) the synthesis of San Copolymer: there are three methods for the synthesis of styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer: emulsion method, suspension method and bulk method. The bulk method adopts heat initiation and continuous polymerization, the product is pure, high quality and less pollution. It is replacing suspension method in San synthesis, especially in large-scale ABS production plant. The suspension process uses initiator, batch polymerization, the product is not as pure as the bulk process, the waste water produced has the pollution to the environment, but the process is simple, the process is short, the investment is small, the polymerization heat is easy to spread, the suspension method is more economical for small and medium-sized devices. Emulsion process is long, technology is backward, developed countries have been basically eliminated. (4) blending and post-treatment: after blending the ABS graft polymer and San copolymer in different proportion, many kinds of ABS resin products can be obtained. The blending method makes the products have great flexibility. There are two methods of blending and post-treatment of San and graft polymer: first, removing a large amount of water from the graft glue solution in the“Wet process”, the resulting colloidal particles or blocks are fed together with the SAN particles into a special extruder for drying, mixing and feeding. In the“Dry process”, a large amount of water is removed from the graft glue by centrifuge, and then dried with nitrogen and oxygen, the dry graft glue particles and SAN particles are mixed, extruded and dried. The two processes are continuous production, the details of the equipment is a patented technology.