< ,="" tahoma,="" arial,="" 宋体,="" sans-serif;="" font-style:="" normal;="" font-variant-ligatures:="" font-variant-cas:="" font-weight:="" 400;="" letter-sacing:="" orhans:="" 2;="" text-align:="" left;="" text-indent:="" 0x;="" text-transform:="" none;="" white-sace:="" widows:="" word-sacing:="" -webkit-text-stroke-width:="" text-decoration-style:="" initial;="" text-decoration-color:="" initial;"="" data-x-flag="12_6" style="margin-to: 0x; margin-bottom: 0x; adding: 0x; outline: 0x; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14x; white-sace: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); osition: relative; line-height: 2em; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; clear: both;">B&nbs;型剩余电流断路器测试仪概述： < ,="" tahoma,="" arial,="" 宋体,="" sans-serif;="" font-style:="" normal;="" font-variant-ligatures:="" font-variant-cas:="" font-weight:="" 400;="" letter-sacing:="" orhans:="" 2;="" text-align:="" left;="" text-indent:="" 0x;="" text-transform:="" none;="" white-sace:="" widows:="" word-sacing:="" -webkit-text-stroke-width:="" text-decoration-style:="" initial;="" text-decoration-color:="" initial;"="" data-x-flag="12_6" style="margin-to: 0x; margin-bottom: 0x; adding: 0x; outline: 0x; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14x; white-sace: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); osition: relative; line-height: 2em; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; clear: both;">B型剩余电流断路器测试仪（以下简称测试仪）是为剩余电流断路器的性能测试而研制，它是检测B型剩余电流断路器脱扣电流和分断时间的关键仪器。
< ,="" tahoma,="" arial,="" 宋体,="" sans-serif;="" font-style:="" normal;="" font-variant-ligatures:="" font-variant-cas:="" font-weight:="" 400;="" letter-sacing:="" orhans:="" 2;="" text-align:="" left;="" text-indent:="" 0x;="" text-transform:="" none;="" white-sace:="" widows:="" word-sacing:="" -webkit-text-stroke-width:="" text-decoration-style:="" initial;="" text-decoration-color:="" initial;"="" data-x-flag="12_6" style="margin-to: 0x; margin-bottom: 0x; adding: 0x; outline: 0x; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14x; white-sace: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); osition: relative; line-height: 2em; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; clear: both;">测试仪的功能能够满足GB16916.1-2003、GB16917.1-2003和GB22974-2008标准对剩余电流断路器的测试要求。
< ,="" tahoma,="" arial,="" 宋体,="" sans-serif;="" font-style:="" normal;="" font-variant-ligatures:="" font-variant-cas:="" font-weight:="" 400;="" letter-sacing:="" orhans:="" 2;="" text-align:="" left;="" text-indent:="" 0x;="" text-transform:="" none;="" white-sace:="" widows:="" word-sacing:="" -webkit-text-stroke-width:="" text-decoration-style:="" initial;="" text-decoration-color:="" initial;"="" data-x-flag="12_6" style="margin-to: 0x; margin-bottom: 0x; adding: 0x; outline: 0x; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14x; white-sace: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); osition: relative; line-height: 2em; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; clear: both;">测试仪适用于电子式和电磁式的剩余电流断路器。
1P+N、2P、、+N、4P的断路器均能测试，输出大剩余电流为2A。
< ,="" tahoma,="" arial,="" 宋体,="" sans-serif;="" font-style:="" normal;="" font-variant-ligatures:="" font-variant-cas:="" font-weight:="" 400;="" letter-sacing:="" orhans:="" 2;="" text-align:="" left;="" text-indent:="" 0x;="" text-transform:="" none;="" white-sace:="" widows:="" word-sacing:="" -webkit-text-stroke-width:="" text-decoration-style:="" initial;="" text-decoration-color:="" initial;"="" data-x-flag="12_6" style="margin-to: 0x; margin-bottom: 0x; adding: 0x; outline: 0x; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14x; white-sace: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); osition: relative; line-height: 2em; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; clear: both;">测试仪的功能操作采用触摸屏，断路器动作后，脱扣电流和分断时间均能保持，便于读数和记录。
< ,="" tahoma,="" arial,="" 宋体,="" sans-serif;="" font-style:="" normal;="" font-variant-ligatures:="" font-variant-cas:="" font-weight:="" 400;="" letter-sacing:="" orhans:="" 2;="" text-align:="" left;="" text-indent:="" 0x;="" text-transform:="" none;="" white-sace:="" widows:="" word-sacing:="" -webkit-text-stroke-width:="" text-decoration-style:="" initial;="" text-decoration-color:="" initial;"="" data-x-flag="12_6" style="margin-to: 0x; margin-bottom: 0x; adding: 0x; outline: 0x; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14x; white-sace: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); osition: relative; line-height: 2em; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; clear: both;">系统显示和操作采用流行的工业级触摸屏，操作简单； < ,="" tahoma,="" arial,="" 宋体,="" sans-serif;="" font-style:="" normal;="" font-variant-ligatures:="" font-variant-cas:="" font-weight:="" 400;="" letter-sacing:="" orhans:="" 2;="" text-align:="" left;="" text-indent:="" 0x;="" text-transform:="" none;="" white-sace:="" widows:="" word-sacing:="" -webkit-text-stroke-width:="" text-decoration-style:="" initial;="" text-decoration-color:="" initial;"="" data-x-flag="12_6" style="margin-to: 0x; margin-bottom: 0x; adding: 0x; outline: 0x; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14x; white-sace: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); osition: relative; line-height: 2em; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; clear: both;">辅助电源要求：三相四线输入380V，大于2A < ,="" tahoma,="" arial,="" 宋体,="" sans-serif;="" font-style:="" normal;="" font-variant-ligatures:="" font-variant-cas:="" font-weight:="" 400;="" letter-sacing:="" orhans:="" 2;="" text-align:="" left;="" text-indent:="" 0x;="" text-transform:="" none;="" white-sace:="" widows:="" word-sacing:="" -webkit-text-stroke-width:="" text-decoration-style:="" initial;="" text-decoration-color:="" initial;"="" data-x-flag="12_6" style="margin-to: 0x; margin-bottom: 0x; adding: 0x; outline: 0x; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14x; white-sace: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); osition: relative; line-height: 2em; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; clear: both;">接地方式：可靠接地 < ,="" tahoma,="" arial,="" 宋体,="" sans-serif;="" font-style:="" normal;="" font-variant-ligatures:="" font-variant-cas:="" font-weight:="" 400;="" letter-sacing:="" orhans:="" 2;="" text-align:="" left;="" text-indent:="" 0x;="" text-transform:="" none;="" white-sace:="" widows:="" word-sacing:="" -webkit-text-stroke-width:="" text-decoration-style:="" initial;="" text-decoration-color:="" initial;"="" data-x-flag="12_6" style="margin-to: 0x; margin-bottom: 0x; adding: 0x; outline: 0x; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14x; white-sace: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); osition: relative; line-height: 2em; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; clear: both;">2.2仪器输出电流范围和精度 < ,="" tahoma,="" arial,="" 宋体,="" sans-serif;="" font-style:="" normal;="" font-variant-ligatures:="" font-variant-cas:="" font-weight:="" 400;="" letter-sacing:="" orhans:="" 2;="" text-align:="" left;="" text-indent:="" 0x;="" text-transform:="" none;="" white-sace:="" widows:="" word-sacing:="" -webkit-text-stroke-width:="" text-decoration-style:="" initial;="" text-decoration-color:="" initial;"="" data-x-flag="12_6" style="margin-to: 0x; margin-bottom: 0x; adding: 0x; outline: 0x; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14x; white-sace: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); osition: relative; line-height: 2em; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; clear: both;">&nbs;&nbs;测试仪输出的电流值为真有效值，测试不确定度小于1%； < ,="" tahoma,="" arial,="" 宋体,="" sans-serif;="" font-style:="" normal;="" font-variant-ligatures:="" font-variant-cas:="" font-weight:="" 400;="" letter-sacing:="" orhans:="" 2;="" text-align:="" left;="" text-indent:="" 0x;="" text-transform:="" none;="" white-sace:="" widows:="" word-sacing:="" -webkit-text-stroke-width:="" text-decoration-style:="" initial;="" text-decoration-color:="" initial;"="" data-x-flag="12_6" style="margin-to: 0x; margin-bottom: 0x; adding: 0x; outline: 0x; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14x; white-sace: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); osition: relative; line-height: 2em; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; clear: both;">&nbs;1）变频模式交流剩余电流范围：0~2A； < ,="" tahoma,="" arial,="" 宋体,="" sans-serif;="" font-style:="" normal;="" font-variant-ligatures:="" font-variant-cas:="" font-weight:="" 400;="" letter-sacing:="" orhans:="" 2;="" text-align:="" left;="" text-indent:="" 0x;="" text-transform:="" none;="" white-sace:="" widows:="" word-sacing:="" -webkit-text-stroke-width:="" text-decoration-style:="" initial;="" text-decoration-color:="" initial;"="" data-x-flag="12_6" style="margin-to: 0x; margin-bottom: 0x; adding: 0x; outline: 0x; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14x; white-sace: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); osition: relative; line-height: 2em; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; clear: both;">（2）50Hz交流剩余电流范围：0~2A； < ,="" tahoma,="" arial,="" 宋体,="" sans-serif;="" font-style:="" normal;="" font-variant-ligatures:="" font-variant-cas:="" font-weight:="" 400;="" letter-sacing:="" orhans:="" 2;="" text-align:="" left;="" text-indent:="" 0x;="" text-transform:="" none;="" white-sace:="" widows:="" word-sacing:="" -webkit-text-stroke-width:="" text-decoration-style:="" initial;="" text-decoration-color:="" initial;"="" data-x-flag="12_6" style="margin-to: 0x; margin-bottom: 0x; adding: 0x; outline: 0x; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14x; white-sace: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); osition: relative; line-height: 2em; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; clear: both;">（3）脉动直流剩余电流 < ,="" tahoma,="" arial,="" 宋体,="" sans-serif;="" font-style:="" normal;="" font-variant-ligatures:="" font-variant-cas:="" font-weight:="" 400;="" letter-sacing:="" orhans:="" 2;="" text-align:="" left;="" text-indent:="" 0x;="" text-transform:="" none;="" white-sace:="" widows:="" word-sacing:="" -webkit-text-stroke-width:="" text-decoration-style:="" initial;="" text-decoration-color:="" initial;"="" data-x-flag="12_6" style="margin-to: 0x; margin-bottom: 0x; adding: 0x; outline: 0x; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14x; white-sace: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); osition: relative; line-height: 2em; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; clear: both;">选项角为0°的脉动直流剩余电流，电流的范围为0~800mA； < ,="" tahoma,="" arial,="" 宋体,="" sans-serif;="" font-style:="" normal;="" font-variant-ligatures:="" font-variant-cas:="" font-weight:="" 400;="" letter-sacing:="" orhans:="" 2;="" text-align:="" left;="" text-indent:="" 0x;="" text-transform:="" none;="" white-sace:="" widows:="" word-sacing:="" -webkit-text-stroke-width:="" text-decoration-style:="" initial;="" text-decoration-color:="" initial;"="" data-x-flag="12_6" style="margin-to: 0x; margin-bottom: 0x; adding: 0x; outline: 0x; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14x; white-sace: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); osition: relative; line-height: 2em; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; clear: both;">选项角为90°的直流剩余电流，电流的范围为0~400mA； < ,="" tahoma,="" arial,="" 宋体,="" sans-serif;="" font-style:="" normal;="" font-variant-ligatures:="" font-variant-cas:="" font-weight:="" 400;="" letter-sacing:="" orhans:="" 2;="" text-align:="" left;="" text-indent:="" 0x;="" text-transform:="" none;="" white-sace:="" widows:="" word-sacing:="" -webkit-text-stroke-width:="" text-decoration-style:="" initial;="" text-decoration-color:="" initial;"="" data-x-flag="12_6" style="margin-to: 0x; margin-bottom: 0x; adding: 0x; outline: 0x; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14x; white-sace: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); osition: relative; line-height: 2em; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; clear: both;">选项角为135°的直流剩余电流，电流的范围为0~200mA； < ,="" tahoma,="" arial,="" 宋体,="" sans-serif;="" font-style:="" normal;="" font-variant-ligatures:="" font-variant-cas:="" font-weight:="" 400;="" letter-sacing:="" orhans:="" 2;="" text-align:="" left;="" text-indent:="" 0x;="" text-transform:="" none;="" white-sace:="" widows:="" word-sacing:="" -webkit-text-stroke-width:="" text-decoration-style:="" initial;="" text-decoration-color:="" initial;"="" data-x-flag="12_6" style="margin-to: 0x; margin-bottom: 0x; adding: 0x; outline: 0x; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14x; white-sace: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); osition: relative; line-height: 2em; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; clear: both;">（4）平滑直流剩余电流，剩余电流的范围为0~2A； < ,="" tahoma,="" arial,="" 宋体,="" sans-serif;="" font-style:="" normal;="" font-variant-ligatures:="" font-variant-cas:="" font-weight:="" 400;="" letter-sacing:="" orhans:="" 2;="" text-align:="" left;="" text-indent:="" 0x;="" text-transform:="" none;="" white-sace:="" widows:="" word-sacing:="" -webkit-text-stroke-width:="" text-decoration-style:="" initial;="" text-decoration-color:="" initial;"="" data-x-flag="12_6" style="margin-to: 0x; margin-bottom: 0x; adding: 0x; outline: 0x; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14x; white-sace: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); osition: relative; line-height: 2em; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; clear: both;">（5）叠加平滑直流的范围为5~100mA； < ,="" tahoma,="" arial,="" 宋体,="" sans-serif;="" font-style:="" normal;="" font-variant-ligatures:="" font-variant-cas:="" font-weight:="" 400;="" letter-sacing:="" orhans:="" 2;="" text-align:="" left;="" text-indent:="" 0x;="" text-transform:="" none;="" white-sace:="" widows:="" word-sacing:="" -webkit-text-stroke-width:="" text-decoration-style:="" initial;="" text-decoration-color:="" initial;"="" data-x-flag="12_6" style="margin-to: 0x; margin-bottom: 0x; adding: 0x; outline: 0x; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14x; white-sace: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); osition: relative; line-height: 2em; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; clear: both;">&nbs;（6）时间测试：在0~1000ms范围内，漏电测试仪测量的分断时间相对于计量值的偏差在±2ms。
< ,="" tahoma,="" arial,="" 宋体,="" sans-serif;="" font-style:="" normal;="" font-variant-ligatures:="" font-variant-cas:="" font-weight:="" 400;="" letter-sacing:="" orhans:="" 2;="" text-align:="" left;="" text-indent:="" 0x;="" text-transform:="" none;="" white-sace:="" widows:="" word-sacing:="" -webkit-text-stroke-width:="" text-decoration-style:="" initial;="" text-decoration-color:="" initial;"="" data-x-flag="12_6" style="margin-to: 0x; margin-bottom: 0x; adding: 0x; outline: 0x; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-size: 14x; white-sace: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); osition: relative; line-height: 2em; font-family: "Microsoft YaHei"; clear: both;">&nbs;
CANoen是一种架构在控制局域网路（CAN）上的高层通讯协议，对其协议的学习很多人都觉得有难度，看来看去都觉得是云里来雾里去的，本文将让CANOne协议不再那么神秘，带你跨过CANOen学习道路的道门槛。应用CANoen时，需要传递的配置信息和应用信息都放在过程数据对象PDO（Processdataobject）和服务数据对象SDO里面。
使用仪器设备进行测试时，工程师们通常会发现这样一个问题：同一个信号用不同的设备测试，得出的结果却有所不同。
到底哪一个结果才是准确的？这时选择合适的设备进行测试，可以避免被错误的结果“迷惑”。
不同的测试设备都有典型的应用场合和测量范围，之所以会出现测量结果不一致的情况，往往和测试设备本身的参数特性有关系，其中很关键的一个指标就是仪器的带宽。
带宽不同的仪器，哪怕测试相同的信号，测试结果往往也都不同。
分布式光纤温度传感系统是一种用于实时测量空间温度场分布的传感系统，实质上是分布光纤拉曼(Raman)光子传感器(DOFRPS)系统，它是近年来发展起来的一种用于实时测量空间温度场的光纤传感系统。
本文拟在简要阐述分布式光纤监测和分布式光纤温度监测及其校准原理的基础上，对分布式光纤传感温度测试系统性能标定方法进行介绍，为该系统在工程结构监测中的应用提供借鉴。
原理介绍1.分布式光纤监测光纤光时域反射(OTDR)原理当激光脉冲在光纤中传输时，由于光纤中存在折射率的微观不均匀性，会产生瑞利散射，在时域里，激光脉冲在光纤中所走过的路程为2L，可表示为2L=V×t式中:V——光在光纤中传播的速度，可表示为V=cn，其中c为真空中的光速，n为光纤的折射率；t——入射光经背向散射返回到光纤入射端所需的时间。